Before I saw Public Enemies, I wrote in my book review (since revised), “It will be interesting to see how a film can pack all the facts neatly into 140 minutes. Equally interesting will be if the film can keep the facts away from fiction, unlike many films of the past, as Bryan Burrough frequently states. For example, will Anna Sage, the ‘woman in red,’ be wearing an orange skirt (fact) rather than a red dress (fiction)?”The answer is an emphatic … kinda. Yes, Anna Sage was in an orange skirt, but why was she one of the first people in the movie? Her apartment was the last place Dillinger lived. At best it made most of the movie an unclear flashback. At worst it was a purposeful alteration of the facts.
No, the movie isn’t a documentary, but after reading the remarkably well-researched book, it’s easy to see embellishments are not necessary.
Well, maybe embellishments are necessary for Hollywood, but not for the story itself. The episode at Little Bohemia Lodge is a great example. Here are a few notable Hollywood adaptations:
Hollywood-ization #1:
Book (Fact): The gang arrived on Friday afternoon and enjoyed two days of rest, planning to stay until Monday morning. Growing restless, they decided to leave Sunday night instead, not knowing the FBI was on their way for a raid that night. When the raid started, the gang was already preparing to leave the lodge.
Movie (Fiction): The gang arrived, divvied up their money, and had just laid down to rest, when the shooting started. By all appearances the FBI is a well-oiled, fast-acting, crime-fighting machine.
Hollywood-ization #2:
Book: Dillinger, Homer Van Meter, Red Hamilton, and Tommy Carroll all jumped out the back windows and quickly disappeared into the woods after the FBI’s initial shots on the lodge. The FBI mistakenly believed their shots had driven the gangsters back into the lodge and the agents kept the now empty lodge surrounded until dawn believing gang members remained inside.
Movie: Shooting, shooting, shooting. Daring leap out the windows. FBI pursuit. More shooting. High speed chase. Some more shooting. Car wreck. Shooting. Bloody death.
Hollywood-ization #3:
Book: Baby Face Nelson escaped on his own, stole one car which stalled, then shot two FBI agents and stole their car which subsequently threw a rod. Nelson traveled 20 miles on foot to the Lac du Flambeau Indian Reservation where he met Ollie Catfish and his wife Maggie. Pretending to be a game warden, Nelson stayed until the following Friday when he finally made his escape.
Movie: Melvin Purvis gave chase and killed Baby Face Nelson who had joined Dillinger and Red Hamilton in the great (nonexistent) Little Bohemia Chase. (Nelson wasn’t actually killed for another seven months on November 27.)
My wife hadn’t read the book but offered two great observations. First, she said the movie was high on shooting, low on plot. Second, she said it was like they made a four hour movie and then cut out 100 minutes of back story. Simply adding headings like Miami: December, 1933 or even June, 1934 on the screen would have helped. Having read the book, I knew all the characters and events and explanations. Without that, I’d have been lost.
One thing the movie nailed on the head was the feeling readers/movie-goers have toward Dillinger. As frustrated as it made me, as I read, I continually found myself on the side of the criminals, just as many people in the general public did at the time. After all, Dillinger once told a bank customer who’d placed his money on the counter, “You go ahead and take your money. We don’t want your money. Just the bank’s.” During the Great Depression, that sort of attitude placed gangsters in the public’s corner facing off against a banking system and government that had let them down. I turned to my wife halfway through the movie and asked, “Whose side are you on?” She just smiled and shook her head.
Why the movie started with Melvin Purvis shooting Pretty Boy Floyd is beyond me. This actually happened three months after Dillinger was killed. All it did was portray Purvis as an FBI hero, cool, calm in the face of the most wanted, when in actuality, he allowed more gangsters to escape under his watch than were captured. J. Edgar Hoover grew increasingly disappointed with Purvis’s leadership. Due to his rare successes, Purvis could more accurately be described as a blind pig who occasionally found an acorn. (BIG acorns, but nonetheless...)
People who make movies know what they’re doing, apparently. The movie is a success. It’s unfortunate that a nonfiction book has been made into a historical fiction movie. Bryan Burrough did a magnificent job researching and detailing the exploits of numerous gangs of 1933-1934, sometimes down to the minute. The movie was entertaining. The book, however, was fascinating and educational.
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